Composition and hazards of waste drilling fluid

Abandoned oil exploration and development drilling as the most important sources of pollution, from the drilling process, is containing clay, weighting materials, all kinds of chemical treatment, sewage, waste oil and solids control cuttings multiphase stable colloid suspension The main components of its environmental hazards are hydrocarbons, salts, various polymers, lignin sulfonate, solids control system certain metal ions (mercury, copper, arsenic, chromium, zinc and lead) and impurities in barite. Studies have shown that it would pollute the soil, surface and groundwater, directly or indirectly, to animals, plants and human health hazards.
Since the waste drilling fluid composition is more complex, solid control so the impact on the environment is multifaceted.
(1) contaminated area, wide area. This is determined by the drilling of production mobility and shaker screen other characteristics;
(2) high pH, ​​high concentrations of soluble salts and oil affect the vertical centrifuge structure of the soil and harm plant growth;
(3) harmful heavy metal ions such as Cr6 +, Hg2 +, Cd2 +, Pb2 + and not easily degradable organic plants and drilling mud system animals, molecular polymer easily enter the desilter cone food chain and accumulate in plants and animals, the environment or harm human health and safety. Such as drying shaker hexavalent chromium (Cr6 +) into the human body through the food chain, and its toxicity mainly for respiratory, gastrointestinal disorders and skin damage, particularly its carcinogenic effects in recent years has attracted widespread attention;
(4) waste organic treatment agent to the water body COD, BOD increased, affecting the normal growth of aquatic organisms.
Drilling of chromium, lead, arsenic, cadmium, benzene, chloride and other ingredients on desander human health and the environment, the greatest damage. Oil floating in the water oxidation and decomposition by decanter centrifuge microorganisms consume oxygen edema causes deterioration of water quality.

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